Comunicações de Psicologia
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- ItemSocial Networks of Elderly with Social Services Support Living in Two Different Areas of Portugal(SWSD 2012, 2012-07) Guadalupe, Sónia; Espirito-Santo, Helena; Daniel, FernandaFocusing social support networks of the elderly, we present a study centered on the assessment of social resources, by analyzing differences between living in a coastal urban area, or in a rural inner region of Portugal. We had 176 participants, 119 elderly users of home care services in the municipality of Penamacor in an interior region of Portugal, and 57 elderly users of day care and residential care in the municipality of Coimbra in a littoral (coastal) region of the country. Their social resources were assessed by Americans Resources and Services Program (OARS). The participants are mostly over 80 years old (72%), 70% women, 63% widowed and 71% are illiterate. The main findings indicate that the network size is much bigger in the elderly of interior region with significant differences between the samples, but the numbers of visits and telephone calls these elderly do or receive are very similar. Curiously, the elderly of Penamacor tend to express that they feel alone sometimes and the most part of the elderly of Coimbra doesn’t express loneliness, as well as the last ones feel that have someone to help when they need and the first only sometimes have someone to help them. This probably happens because the social services settings are different. Older adults from Coimbra present better levels of social resources when compared with elderly from Penamacor. These last group present mostly severe limitations and the first ones present mostly good or low limitations, on the OARS classification scale. Both activate their contacts with the social network especially with sons and daughters or other family members. These results need further study to discuss possible asymmetries, inequalities and other differences. However, Social Work must reflect on these indicators to be able to promote a more equity access to social resources, and to increase an effective social support on the elderly social networks.
- ItemExpectations Associated with the Informal Care of Older Generations(SWSD 2012, 2012-07) Guadalupe, Sónia; Deus, Andreia; Daniel, FernandaThe informal care between generations deal with the important challenge of reconciling family life with the demands of professional life, and reveals how important it is to acknowledge the expectations of adults facing the eventual need of caring of older generations, by understanding and analyzing the differences in phratries, comparing single sons/daughters and sons/daughters in phratries. This paper presents a prospective, transversal and quantitative study, using an inquiry to data collecting by indirect administration. The sample of this study is constituted by Portuguese adults aged between 25 and 65, no caregivers, having unless one of the parents alive. We had 186 participants with an average age of 32 years old, the majority of this inquires where women (88%), with high level education (91%). The results indicate that all pointed love and tenderness as the most important motive for caring. The only sons/daughters previously see an economic difficulty and ponder a major source for external resources in opposite to the members of phratries that prefer a strategy of exclusivity. The domestic routines, the leisure routines and productivity at work are the main problems in their lives that they imagine that could be affected. We understand that the option for caring can’t penalize families. To anticipate eventual difficulties during the live cycle, the families should be stimulated of thinking how to conciliate their lives with the eventual needs of informal caring for the oldest. Social Work should promote the responsibility that the public politics presented about this subject, such as for the definition, amplification of programs that give an effective response to the needs of the dependents, the caregivers and families.
- ItemPropriedades Psicométricas de um Índice de Qualidade Subjetiva do Sono Usado em Idosos: um estudo exploratório(Grupo de Estudos de Envelhecimento Cerebral e Demência, 2013-06) Espirito-Santo, Helena; Marques, Mariana; Matreno, Joana; Falcão, Daniel; Moitinho, Sara; Almeida, Rute; Costa, Marlene; Caldas, Luísa"Objetivos: Explorar as propriedades psicométricas de um índice de qualidade de sono a ser usado na população idosa. Participantes e instrumentos: 99 idosos (média de idades, M=78,65 anos; DP= 6,92) sob resposta social em instituições do Conselho de Coimbra aceitaram participar voluntariamente tendo sido avaliados por uma série de instrumentos incluindo questões sociodemográficas, testes neuropsicológicos, um questionário de sono composto por um índice de qualidade de sono (adaptado de um índice usado em estudantes universitários) e questões que avaliam correlatos de sono tais como a higiene do sono, prática de exercício físico, entre outros. Índice de qualidade de sono: O índice original foi desenvolvido para estudantes universitários. Adaptámos os itens para a população idosa (ex. alterámos “a altura das durante as aulas acorda quantas vezes por noite?”). É composto por sete itens que avaliam os seguintes aspectos da qualidade do sono: Latência do sono, dificuldade em adormecer, número de vezes que acorda durante a noite, acordar espontaneamente demasiado cedo, perceção subjectiva de que acordar demasiado cedo é um problema, dois itens que avaliam a qualidade geral subjectiva do sono e a profundidade do sono, a qualidade do sono e a profundidade do sono. Análise estatística: A medida de adequação da amostragem Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (deveria ser ≥ 0,6 e foi de 0,830), o valor do teste de Bartlett de esfericidade (deveria ser ≤ 0,05; foi de ≤ 0,001), isto permitiu-nos verificar adequadamente os dados para a análise factorial. O índice revelou boa consistência interna (coeficiente do alfa de Cronbach: α = 0,812). Conclusões: Este índice de qualidade do sono, apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas. Visto que nas avaliações deste género de população é importante não haver sobrecarga dos sujeitos, este instrumento breve constitui uma boa opção para avaliar a qualidade subjetiva do sono, preenchendo uma lacuna no que toca a instrumentos nesta área."
- ItemHope and well-being in the elderly(European Psychiatric Association, 2014-03-01) Pessoa, Patrícia; Cunha, Marina; Daniel, Fernanda; Galhardo, Ana; Simões, Sónia; Espirito-Santo, HelenaIntroduction The concepts of well-being and hope are associated with life satisfaction. Public policies should include the promotion of quality of life in the elderly. Objectives The current study sought out to address the concepts of hope and well-being in the elderly, analysing the role of socio-demographic variables. It also aimed to characterize this population in terms of other quality of life indicators such as perception of general health status, loneliness and degree of activity. Method The sample included 130 elderly people, both from the community and institutionalized, with ages between 65 and 94 years old. Participants answered questions about socio-demographic data, quality of life indicators, cognitive functioning and measures of hope (HP; Snyder et al.; 1991), life satisfaction (SWLS; Diener et al, 1985), and positive and negative affect (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1998). Results The majority of participants perceived their health status as reasonable and mentioned feelings of loneliness. Only 20% considered themselves active. Men presented higher levels of hope when compared with women. Participants who were not institutionalized showed higher levels of hope and positive affect, considering themselves more active when compared to the ones living in nursing homes or attending day centres. Hope showed to be positively correlated with life satisfaction, positive affect, health status perception and degree of activity, and negatively correlated with negative affect. Negative affect showed to be correlated with the perception of loneliness. Conclusion This study enhances the importance of socio-demographic and psychological variables in the promotion of well-being in the elderly.
- ItemO setting como espaço de jogo, tempo psíquico e invólucro corpóreo: ensaio de integração teórico-clínica(Federación Psicoanalítica de América Latina, 2016-09) Farate, Carlos; Túlio, CláudiaLonge vai o tempo em que o setting era abordado exclusivamente como dispositivo formal do contrato terapêutico entre analista e paciente. A partir de Bleger (1967) o setting, como “moldura” simbiótica do processo psicanalítico, torna-se “objeto analítico” (Green, 1975 [1990]) sujeito a interpretação em momentos “críticos” de mudança psíquica. Como refere Lemma (2015) a resistência à mudança psíquica é agida pela insistência na transferência simbiótica ao setting analítico indiferenciado, como “núcleo aglutinado” (Bleger, 1967a) da elação sensório-emocional do ego corpóreo primitivo do paciente. As fantasias pré-simbólicas que “circulam” nestes estados regressivos induzem à contra-transferência somática (Bronstein, 2013) e à difícil dessubjectivação do material projetivo que mantém o “enactment” esquizoparanoide, ou mesmo ambíguo (Bleger, 2013 [1967b]) do par analítico. Só o exercício da capacidade de “rêverie” do analista (Ogden, 1990) permite dessimbiotizar o “setting” corpóreo e resgatar o sonho e o livre jogo associativo na relação analítica. O objectivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a transformação dos “estados corpóreos da mente” (Lemma, 2015) em resposta às dificuldades transferenciais-contratransferenciais suscitadas pelo manejo do setting na relação terapêutica com duas pacientes em fases diferentes do ciclo vital e com distintas perturbações do funcionamento mental. / The time when the setting was exclusively approached as a formal device of the therapeutic contract between analyst and patient is long gone away. In fact, from Bleger (1967) on the setting, taken as symbiotic "frame" of the psychoanalytic process, became an "analytic object" (Green, 1975 [1990]) subject to interpretation in "critical" moments of psychic change. As Lemma (2015) puts it the resistance to psychic change is acted-out through the persistent symbiotic transference to an undifferentiated analytical setting taken as "agglutinated core" (Bleger, 1967a) of the sensorial-emotional elation of the patient’s primitive bodily ego. The pre-symbolic fantasies that "circulate" in these regressive states can cause in the analyst both a somatic countertransference (C. Bronstein, 2013) and an extreme difficulty in the desubjectification of the patient’s projective material that keep the analytic pair either in a schizoid-paranoid or an ambiguous (Bleger, 2013 [1967b]) enactment. In such moments only the analyst’s capacity of "rêverie" (Ogden, 1999) can disentangle the symbiotic bodily "setting" and repair the dreamy and free associating capabilities of the analytical pair. The aim of this paper is to reflect upon the transformation of these "bodily states of mind" (Lemma, 2015) in response to the transference-countertransference difficulties raised by the management of the setting in the therapeutic relationship with two patients at different phases of their life cycle and suffering from diverse disorders of mental functioning.
- ItemGalhardo - Anxiety Disorders and Somatoform Disorders; Depression; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Personality and Personality Disorders -17 -2706(25th European Congress of Psychiatry, 2017-04) Galhardo, Ana; Pinto-Gouveia, José; Cunha, Marina
- ItemPERSONAL SOCIAL NETWORKS AND RESILIENT COPING IN ADVANCED AGE(25th European Congress of Psychiatry, 2017-04) Daniel, Fernanda; Antunes, Andreia; Guadalupe, Sónia; Massano-Cardoso, Ilda; Vicente, Henrique
- ItemEstratégias de Regulação Emocional como Preditores da Sintomatologia da Perturbação de Stresse Pós-traumático em Doentes com Esclerose Múltipla(Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia, 2019-11) Carvalho, Teresa; Espirito-Santo, Helena; Gomes, Carolina; Benedito, Luís; Daniel, Fernanda